David and Jonathan’s Friendship

1 As soon as he had finished speaking to Saul, the soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David, and Jonathan ^dloved him as his own soul. 2 And Saul took him that day ^eand would not let him return to his father’s house. 3 Then Jonathan made a covenant with David, because ^dhe loved him as his own soul. 4 And Jonathan stripped himself of the robe that was on him and gave it to David, and his armor, and even his sword and his bow and his belt. 5 And David went out ^fand was successful wherever Saul sent him, so that Saul set him over the men of war. And this was good in the sight of all the people and also in the sight of Saul’s servants.

Saul’s Jealousy of David

6 As they were coming home, when David returned from striking down the Philistine, ^gthe women came out of all the cities of Israel, singing and dancing, to meet King Saul, with tambourines, with songs of joy, and with musical instruments.¹ 7 And the women ^hsang to one another as they celebrated,

8 And Saul was very angry, and this saying displeased him. He said, “They have ascribed to David ten thousands, and to me they have ascribed thousands, and what more can he have but ^jthe kingdom?” 9 And Saul eyed David from that day on.

10 The next day ^ka harmful spirit from God rushed upon Saul, and ^lhe raved within his house while David was ^mplaying the lyre, as he did day by day. ⁿSaul had his spear in his hand. 11 And Saul ^ohurled the spear, for he thought, “I will pin David to the wall.” But David evaded him twice.

12 ^pSaul was afraid of David because ^qthe Lord was with him ^rbut had departed from Saul. 13 So Saul removed him from his presence and made him a commander of a thousand. ^sAnd he went out and came in before the people. 14 And David ^thad success in all his undertakings, ^qfor the Lord was with him. 15 And when Saul saw that ^the had great success, he stood in fearful awe of him. 16 ^uBut all Israel and Judah loved David, for he went out and came in before them.

David Marries Michal

17 Then Saul said to David, “Here is ^vmy elder daughter Merab. ^wI will give her to you for a wife. Only be valiant for me ^xand fight the Lord’s battles.” For Saul thought, “Let not my hand be against him, ^ybut let the hand of the Philistines be against him.” 18 And David said to Saul, ^z“Who am I, and who are my relatives, my father’s clan in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king?” 19 But at the time when Merab, Saul’s daughter, should have been given to David, she was given to ^aAdriel the ^bMeholathite for a wife.

20 Now ^vSaul’s daughter Michal ^cloved David. And they told Saul, and the thing pleased him. 21 Saul thought, “Let me give her to him, that she may ^dbe a snare for him ^eand that the hand of the Philistines may be against him.” Therefore Saul said to David a second time,^{2 f}“You shall now be my son-in-law.” 22 And Saul commanded his servants, “Speak to David in private and say, ‘Behold, the king has delight in you, and all his servants love you. Now then become the king’s son-in-law.’” 23 And Saul’s servants spoke those words in the ears of David. And David said, ^g“Does it seem to you a little thing to become the king’s son-in-law, since I am a poor man and have no reputation?” 24 And the servants of Saul told him, “Thus and so did David speak.” 25 Then Saul said, “Thus shall you say to David, ‘The king desires no ^hbride-price except a hundred foreskins of the Philistines, ⁱthat he may be avenged of the king’s enemies.’” ^jNow Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines. 26 And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king’s son-in-law. ^kBefore the time had expired, 27 David arose and went, ^lalong with his men, and killed two hundred of the Philistines. ^mAnd David brought their foreskins, which were given in full number to the king, that he might become the king’s son-in-law. And Saul gave him his daughter Michal for a wife. 28 But when Saul saw and knew that ⁿthe Lord was with David, ^oand that Michal, Saul’s daughter, loved him, 29 Saul was even more afraid of David. So Saul was David’s enemy continually.

30 ^pThen the commanders of the Philistines came out to battle, and as often as they came out ^qDavid had more success than all the servants of Saul, so that his name was highly esteemed.

Saul Tries to Kill David

1 And Saul spoke to Jonathan his son and to all his servants, that they should kill David. ^rBut Jonathan, Saul’s son, delighted much in David. 2 And Jonathan told David, “Saul my father seeks to kill you. Therefore be on your guard in the morning. Stay in a secret place and hide yourself. 3 And I will go out and stand beside my father in the field where you are, and I will speak to my father about you. And if I learn anything I will tell you.” 4 And Jonathan spoke well of David to Saul his father and said to him, “Let not the king ^ssin against his servant David, because he has not sinned against you, and because his deeds have brought good to you. 5 For ^the took his life in his hand ^uand he struck down the Philistine, ^vand the Lord worked a great salvation for all Israel. You saw it, and rejoiced. Why then will you sin against ^winnocent blood by killing David without cause?” 6 And Saul listened to the voice of Jonathan. Saul swore, ^x“As the Lord lives, he shall not be put to death.” 7 And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan reported to him all these things. And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence ^yas before.

8 And there was war again. And David went out and fought with the Philistines and struck them with a great blow, so that they fled before him. 9 ^zThen a harmful spirit from the Lord came upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his spear in his hand. ^aAnd David was playing the lyre. 10 ^bAnd Saul sought to pin David to the wall with the spear, but he eluded Saul, so that he struck the spear into the wall. And David fled and escaped that night.

11 ^cSaul sent messengers to David’s house to watch him, that he might kill him in the morning. But Michal, David’s wife, told him, “If you do not escape with your life tonight, tomorrow you will be killed.” 12 ^dSo Michal let David down through the window, and he fled away and escaped. 13 Michal took ^ean image³ and laid it on the bed and put a pillow of goats’ hair at its head and covered it with the clothes. 14 And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said, “He is sick.” 15 Then Saul sent the messengers to see David, saying, “Bring him up to me in the bed, that I may kill him.” 16 And when the messengers came in, behold, ^ethe image was in the bed, with the pillow of goats’ hair at its head. 17 Saul said to Michal, “Why have you deceived me thus and let my enemy go, so that he has escaped?” And Michal answered Saul, “He said to me, ‘Let me go. ^fWhy should I kill you?’”

18 Now David fled and escaped, and he came to Samuel at ^gRamah and told him all that Saul had done to him. And he and Samuel went and lived at Naioth. 19 And it was told Saul, “Behold, David is at Naioth in Ramah.” 20 Then Saul sent messengers to take David, and when they saw the company of the prophets prophesying, and Samuel standing as head over them, ^hthe Spirit of God came upon the messengers of Saul, ⁱand they also prophesied. 21 When it was told Saul, he sent other messengers, ⁱand they also prophesied. And Saul sent messengers again the third time, ⁱand they also prophesied. 22 Then he himself went to Ramah and came to the great well that is in Secu. And he asked, “Where are Samuel and David?” And one said, “Behold, they are at Naioth in ^gRamah.” 23 And he went there to Naioth in Ramah. ^jAnd the Spirit of God came upon him also, and as he went he prophesied until he came to Naioth in Ramah. 24 ^kAnd he too stripped off his clothes, and he too prophesied before Samuel and lay naked all that day and all that night. Thus it is said, ^l“Is Saul also among the prophets?”

Heth

Paul and the False Apostles

1 I wish you would bear with me in a little foolishness. Do bear with me! 2 For I feel a divine jealousy for you, since ⁿI betrothed you to one husband, ^oto present you ^pas a pure virgin to Christ. 3 But I am afraid that ^qas the serpent deceived Eve by his cunning, your thoughts ^rwill be led astray from a ^ssincere and ^tpure devotion to Christ. 4 For if someone comes and ^uproclaims another Jesus than the one we proclaimed, or if you receive a different spirit from the one you received, or if you accept ^va different gospel from the one you accepted, you put up with it readily enough. 5 Indeed, I consider that ^wI am not in the least inferior to these super-apostles. 6 ^xEven if I am unskilled in speaking, ^yI am not so in knowledge; indeed, in every way ^zwe have made this plain to you in all things.

7 Or ^adid I commit a sin in humbling myself so that you might be exalted, because ^bI preached God’s gospel to you free of charge? 8 I robbed other churches by accepting support from them in order to serve you. 9 And when I was with you and was ^cin need, ^dI did not burden anyone, for the brothers who came from Macedonia ^esupplied my need. So I refrained and will refrain ^ffrom burdening you in any way. 10 ^gAs the truth of Christ is in me, this boasting of mine ^hwill not be silenced in the regions of Achaia. 11 And why? ⁱBecause I do not love you? ^jGod knows I do!

12 And what I am doing I will continue to do, ^kin order to undermine the claim of those who would like to claim that in their boasted mission they work on the same terms as we do. 13 For such men are ^lfalse apostles, ^mdeceitful workmen, ⁿdisguising themselves as apostles of Christ. 14 And no wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as ^oan angel of light. 15 So it is no surprise if his servants, also, disguise themselves as ^pservants of righteousness. ^qTheir end will correspond to their deeds.

Paul’s Sufferings as an Apostle

16 I repeat, ^rlet no one think me foolish. But even if you do, accept me as a fool, so that I too may boast a little. 17 What I am saying ^swith this boastful confidence, ^tI say not as the Lord would¹ but as a fool. 18 Since ^umany boast according to the flesh, I too will boast. 19 For you gladly bear with fools, ^vbeing wise yourselves! 20 For you bear it if someone ^wmakes slaves of you, or ^xdevours you, or takes advantage of you, or puts on airs, or ^ystrikes you in the face. 21 To my shame, I must say, ^zwe were too weak for that!

But whatever anyone else dares to boast of—I am speaking as a fool—I also dare to boast of that. 22 Are they Hebrews? ^aSo am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they offspring of Abraham? So am I. 23 Are they ^bservants of Christ? ^cI am a better one—I am talking like a madman—with far greater labors, ^dfar more imprisonments, ^ewith countless beatings, and ^foften near death. 24 Five times I received at the hands of the Jews the ^gforty lashes less one. 25 Three times I was ^hbeaten with rods. ⁱOnce I was stoned. Three times I ^jwas shipwrecked; a night and a day I was adrift at sea; 26 on frequent journeys, in danger from rivers, danger from robbers, ^kdanger from my own people, ^ldanger from Gentiles, ^mdanger in the city, danger in the wilderness, danger at sea, danger from false brothers; 27 ⁿin toil and hardship, through many a sleepless night, ^oin hunger and thirst, often without food,² in cold and exposure. 28 And, apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxiety for ^pall the churches. 29 ^qWho is weak, and I am not weak? Who is made to fall, and I am not indignant?

30 ^rIf I must boast, I will boast of the things that show my weakness. 31 ^sThe God and Father of the Lord Jesus, ^the who is blessed forever, ^uknows that I am not lying. 32 At Damascus, the governor under King Aretas ^vwas guarding the city of Damascus in order to seize me, 33 ^wbut I was let down in a basket through a window in the wall and escaped his hands.

Paul’s Visions and His Thorn

1 I must go on boasting. Though there is nothing to be gained by it, I will go on to visions and ^xrevelations of the Lord. 2 I know a man ^yin Christ who fourteen years ago was ^zcaught up to ^athe third heaven—whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, ^bGod knows. 3 And I know that this man was caught up into ^cparadise—whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, ^bGod knows— 4 and he heard things that cannot be told, which man may not utter. 5 On behalf of this man I will boast, but on my own behalf I will not boast, ^dexcept of my weaknesses— 6 though if I should wish to boast, ^eI would not be a fool, for I would be speaking the truth; but I refrain from it, so that no one may think more of me than he sees in me or hears from me. 7 So ^fto keep me from becoming conceited because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations,^{3 g}a thorn was given me in the flesh, ^ha messenger of Satan to harass me, to keep me from becoming conceited. 8 ⁱThree times I pleaded with the Lord about this, that it should leave me. 9 But he said to me, ^j“My grace is sufficient for you, for ^kmy power is made perfect in weakness.” Therefore I will boast all the more gladly of my weaknesses, so that ^lthe power of Christ may rest upon me. 10 ^mFor the sake of Christ, then, ⁿI am content with weaknesses, insults, hardships, persecutions, and calamities. For ^owhen I am weak, then I am strong.

Concern for the Corinthian Church

11 ^pI have been a fool! You forced me to it, for I ought to have been commended by you. For I was ^qnot at all inferior to these super-apostles, ^reven though I am nothing. 12 ^sThe signs of a true apostle were performed among you ^twith utmost patience, with signs and wonders and mighty works. 13 For in what were you less favored than the rest of the churches, except that ^uI myself did not burden you? Forgive me this wrong!

14 Here ^vfor the third time I am ready to come to you. And I will not be a burden, for ^wI seek not what is yours but you. For ^xchildren are not obligated to save up for their parents, but ^yparents for their children. 15 ^zI will most gladly spend and be spent for your souls. If ^aI love you more, am I to be loved less? 16 But granting that ^bI myself did not burden you, I was crafty, you say, and got the better of you by deceit. 17 Did I take advantage of you ^cthrough any of those whom I sent to you? 18 ^dI urged Titus to go, and sent ^ethe brother with him. Did Titus take advantage of you? Did we not act in the same spirit? Did we not take the same steps?

19 Have you been thinking all along that we have been defending ourselves to you? It is ^fin the sight of God that we have been speaking in Christ, and ^gall for your upbuilding, beloved. 20 For I fear that perhaps ^hwhen I come I may find you not as I wish, and that you may find me not as you wish—that perhaps there may be quarreling, jealousy, anger, hostility, slander, gossip, conceit, and disorder. 21 I fear that when I come again my God may humble me before you, and I may have to mourn over many of those ⁱwho sinned earlier and have not repented of the impurity, ^jsexual immorality, and sensuality that they have practiced.

Final Warnings

1 ^kThis is the third time I am coming to you. Every charge must be established ^lby the evidence of two or three witnesses. 2 ^mI warned ⁿthose who sinned before and all the others, and I warn them now while absent, as I did when present on my second visit, that ^oif I come again I will not spare them— 3 since you seek proof that Christ ^pis speaking in me. He is not weak in dealing with you, but ^qis powerful among you. 4 For ^rhe was crucified in weakness, but ^slives by the power of God. For ^twe also are weak in him, but in dealing with you ^uwe will live with him by the power of God.

5 Examine yourselves, to see whether you are in the faith. ^vTest yourselves. Or do you not realize this about yourselves, that ^wJesus Christ is in you?—unless indeed you fail to meet the test! 6 I hope you will find out that we have not failed the test. 7 But we pray to God that you may not do wrong—not that we may appear to have met the test, but that you may do what is right, though we may seem to have failed. 8 For we cannot do anything against the truth, but only for the truth. 9 For we are glad when ^xwe are weak and you are strong. Your ^yrestoration is what we pray for. 10 For this reason I write these things while I am away from you, that when I come ^zI may not have to be ^asevere in my use of ^bthe authority that the Lord has given me for building up and not for tearing down.

Final Greetings

11 Finally, brothers,⁴ rejoice. ^cAim for restoration, comfort one another,^{5 d}agree with one another, ^elive in peace; and the God of love and ^fpeace will be with you. 12 ^gGreet one another with a holy kiss. 13 ^hAll the saints greet you.

14 ⁱThe grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and ^jthe love of God and ^kthe fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.